In a Kubernetes cluster, traffic management is a crucial aspect to ensure efficient communication between various services and components.
Kubernetes Ingress Controller: The Ingress Controller is the entry point for external traffic destined for services within the cluster12. It defines rules for routing HTTP and HTTPS traffic to these services1.
Cloud Load Balancer: The Cloud Load Balancer receives traffic from the internet and forwards it to the Nginx Ingress Controller3. This helps distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure that no single server bears too much load.
Nginx Ingress Controller: The Nginx Ingress Controller is responsible for managing incoming requests and routing them to the appropriate services within the cluster2. It updates the nginx.config upstreams automatically, ensuring that traffic is efficiently directed to the correct destinations4.
Microservices: In Kubernetes, all microservices (config map, deployment, and service) are private by default. They are exposed using an Ingress service, which allows external traffic to reach these services1.
Routing by Domain: Each service in the cluster can be associated with a specific domain, which points to the IP address of the cluster. When a request is made to a particular domain, the Ingress routes the request to the corresponding Service (ClusterIP), which then forwards it to the appropriate Pod5. For example:
- Domain for service A → Ingress → Service (ClusterIP) → Pod http://service-a
- Domain for service B → Ingress → Service (ClusterIP) → Pod http://service-b
Routing by URL Path: The Nginx Ingress Controller supports path-based routing, allowing different paths in a URL to be routed to different services within the cluster6. This is particularly useful in microservices architectures where different services might handle different parts of an application.
Path Rewriting and SSL Blocking: The Nginx Ingress Controller supports path rewriting, allowing the URL path in client requests to be transformed before they are forwarded to a backend service4. By default, it blocks SSL through 403, but this can be configured as needed4.
RabbitMQ for High Availability: RabbitMQ is often used in microservices architectures for its high availability features. It supports replicated queues across different nodes in a cluster, ensuring high availability and resilience against hardware failures78.
This setup ensures efficient routing of traffic within your Kubernetes cluster, providing high availability and robustness for your microservices architecture.
